THE SOCIO-SPATIAL ACCUMULATION OF CEMENT CORPORATIONS: The Reproduction of Absolute Space, Monumentalization of Kiai, and Compartmentalization of Counter Space in Northern Kendeng, Central Java Indonesia

Fuad Faizi, NIM.: 1630016026 (2022) THE SOCIO-SPATIAL ACCUMULATION OF CEMENT CORPORATIONS: The Reproduction of Absolute Space, Monumentalization of Kiai, and Compartmentalization of Counter Space in Northern Kendeng, Central Java Indonesia. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

In northern Kendeng, by employing Henri Lefebvre’s theory, this research aims to decipher the production of space for the sociospatial expansion and accumulation of cement corporations. By the production of abstract space, the expansion of cement corporations has accelerated due to how it imposes an abstract homogeneity between mining and well-being, which is actually full of contradictions. Due to these many contradictions, as well as deceptions and violations, the abstract space has been challenged by massive local resistance since 2005. For this reason, to perpetuate its dominance in the social space of northern Kendeng, the abstract space has now transformed into absolute space. Through its transformation into both (a) an absolute (fascist) political space and (b) an absolute (dogmatic) religious one, these socio-spatial expansions and accumulation of cement corporations are hard to challenge by the counter space of northern Kendeng. In the earlier case of Pati, even though the cement factory of PT Indocement won the lawsuit, it resulted from odd spatial practices because it contained several irregularities. In the following case of Rembang, regardless of the fact that operations of the PT Semen Indonesia cement factory should have been legally terminated, it persisted with the support from absolute political and religious spaces. Due to the dominance of such absolute space, the counter space found difficulties in transforming it into a differential space for several reasons. For example, first, the support from a high-profile kiai for the cement factory in Rembang and the polarization of (religious) identity-related issues in Pati made the counter space encounter obstructions. Second, the choice of Samin's identity as a representative character in the documentary film entitled “Samin vs. Semen” has become a double-edged sword in which it has actually managed to obtain great solidarity at higher levels, but it has caused fragmentation of counter space at the local level. Particularly in Pati, not only is space fragmented, but bodies (as the sources of space) keterlibatan non-Muslim (yaitu, Katolik) telah terpolarisasi sedemikian rupa sehingga setidaknya sikap apatis kelompok Muslim untuk bergabung dalam aliansi perlawanan yang telah ada telah terdeteksi.Ketiga, keterlibatan LSM telah menjadi pedang bermata dua di mana mereka pada awalnya terlibat untuk berpartisipasi dalam membangun gerakan perlawanan, tetapi kemudian mereka justru memperburuk kecurigaan, antagonisme dan friksi internal di ruang konter.

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