TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PRAKTIK PEMBIAYAAN QARD AL-HASAN DI BMT MD (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS DAKWAH DAN KOMUNIKASI UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA)

Fatimatul Muk’Awanah, NIM.: 18103080044 (2023) TINJAUAN SOSIOLOGI HUKUM ISLAM TERHADAP PRAKTIK PEMBIAYAAN QARD AL-HASAN DI BMT MD (STUDI KASUS PADA MAHASISWA FAKULTAS DAKWAH DAN KOMUNIKASI UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA). Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Bayt Al-Mal Wa Al-Tamwilis a microfinance institution that is operated based on the principle of profit sharing, to grow and develop micro business businesses in order to elevate the degree and dignity and help the poor. BMT MD is one of the institutions within the Faculty of Da'wah and Communication at UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta which has the Qarḍ Al-ḥasan financing program. This funding is social in nature, has limited target recipients, and is only implemented when paying Single Tuition Fees (UKT). The purpose of this research is to find out why Qard Al-ḥasan BMT MD financing is only for Dakwah Management students?How to solve problems in financing Qarḍ Al-ḥasan at BMT MD UIN Sunan Kalijaga Yogyakarta?. This research uses a type of field research (field research), with a qualitative research method that is descriptive analytical, and uses a sociological approach. Data collection techniques, using observation techniques, interviews, and documentation. The data obtained was then analyzed by plotting, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. In conducting research, the writer uses the sociological theory of Islamic law, Qarḍ Al-ḥasan, and dispute resolution. The results of the study found that the assets used for the Qarḍ Al-ḥasan loan were limited and the weak management system made the BMT MD limit the target recipients of Qarḍ Al-ḥasan financing. Economic factors are the main reason students borrow Qarḍ Al-ḥasan funds. So that the implementation of this financing has the value of ta'awun (mutual help).The weakness of the management system which resulted in students underestimating Qard Al-Hasan's refund, the absence of profit sharing in Qarh Al-Hasan's financing, the economy which only met daily needs and not enough to pay installments, was a factor for students to fail to pay. This is in line with the basic concept of Behavioral Sociology theory. A reward that does not have an effect on the actor will not be repeated, and vice versa if a reward has a good effect on the actor, it will be repeated continuously.In order to solve the problems that occur, the BMT MD uses a family settlement based on communication theory, namely by using a persuasive approach strategy in the form of an approach that contains invitations and appeals. BMT MD prefers to use this persuasive approach strategy because it feels capable of overcoming problems that arise from customers, and considering that BMT itself does not yet have a strong legal umbrella to follow up on problems that occur.

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