HAMAS WA ISTIRATIJIYYAH AL MUQAWIMAH: ISKALIYAT AL DAFA' WA AL-NAZA' FI SAAHATI AL SIYASIYAH AL 'ARABIYYAH AL-MU'ASHIROH

Zaenal Masduqi, NIM: 1630016036 (2023) HAMAS WA ISTIRATIJIYYAH AL MUQAWIMAH: ISKALIYAT AL DAFA' WA AL-NAZA' FI SAAHATI AL SIYASIYAH AL 'ARABIYYAH AL-MU'ASHIROH. Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

History has informed us that the Arab-Israeli conflict that has passed and continues to this day presents resistance from various Arab groups and countries against the Israeli occupation of Palestine with the intention of returning it as an independent and sovereign state. However, at the same time, many of these efforts have failed and lost against Israel. Among the resistance groups that have tended to be persistent against Israel until now is the Islamic Resistance Movement (Hamas). This study aims to uncover the factors that make them survive the bitterness of life, armed resistance, and earnest efforts to perpetuate their organizations, movements, and defense influence against Israel. This study uses a historical method that begins with finding and collecting sources that are in accordance with the discussion both orally and in writing, then criticizing it, interpreting it and writing it in a dissertation. The theory that is trying to be developed to dissect the problem of Hamas’s survival is the theory of resource mobilization which is the development of social movement theory. The results of this study are that, since its initiation, Hamas has sought Islamic awareness, defense of the state, social humanitarian charity, education and teaching to the Palestinian people. Hamas continues to do these things with innovations and modifications according to the demands of the times. As a result of the resistance and continued resistance to Israel, Israel no longer takes Palestinian armed resistance lightly, and its life is shaken. Meanwhile, for Palestine, this has added to the enthusiasm and motivation for independence, as well as making it difficult to realize peace efforts between the two sides which had long been initiated in previous years.

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