PRAKTIK PASCA KHITBAH MASYARAKAT LERENG MERAPI MERBABU PERSPEKTIF MAQASID AL-SHARI‘AH

Hilal Ardiansyah Putra, NIM.: 21200011071 (2023) PRAKTIK PASCA KHITBAH MASYARAKAT LERENG MERAPI MERBABU PERSPEKTIF MAQASID AL-SHARI‘AH. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The community of Merapi Merbabu are Javanese society with rich traditions, systems, and life values. One of these wisdoms is related to "khitbah" (pre-engagement) and subsequently to marriage. In the more detailed fragment of the community's practices concerning khitbah and marriage, there are often debates and controversies, especially when confronted with the normative islamic law by the majority of the Merapi Merbabu community. This thesis aims to explore the post-khitbah practices of the Merapi Merbabu community, which generate pros and cons among the santri (Islamic students) and the general community. The research combines fieldwork and literature studies. The fieldwork data is gathered through interviews with representative parties, direct observations, and documentation of archives and news related to the engagement and marriage customs in the area. The findings from the fieldwork are analyzed using the perspective of al-d}aruriyyah al-khamsah (the five essential purposes) and the classification of general maqa>s}id (al-‘a>mmah), specific maqa>s}id (al-Kha>s}s}ah), and partial maqa>s}id (al-Juz’iyyah). The research reveals that the Merapi Merbabu community have post-khitbah customs, such as sending the bride-to-be to the groom's house, engaging in secret marriages, visiting and staying at each other's homes, and engaging in courtship or dating. These practices have become local customs for a long time, as there is a belief that the khitbah process, which involves the exchange of dowry and witnessing by the surrounding community, signifies the handover of the woman to the man, giving social legitimacy for both prospective spouses to interact and engage in one of these four practices. However, the customs of sending the bride-to-be, visiting each other, and courtship, which involve elements of seclusion, physical contact, gazing, uncovering of intimate parts, traveling with non-mahram individuals, and even sexual relationships, can pose issues when examined from the perspective of Maqa>s}id al-Shari>‘ah. These elements may jeopardize the existence of the five essential purposes, which include preserving religion, life, intellect, lineage or family, and wealth. Consequently, when these essential purposes are compromised, the partial benefits of marriage and family life cannot be achieved, thus hindering the realization of the general benefits for humanity. Regarding the practice of secret marriages, on one side, it may serve as an instrument for realizing certain segments of the five essential purposes, but on the other side, it may threaten other segments, particularly the honor and protection of children and women.

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