PEMIKIRAN ATIYYAH SAQAR TENTANG WANITA KARIER

Rusdiyanto, NIM.: 20203012071 (2023) PEMIKIRAN ATIYYAH SAQAR TENTANG WANITA KARIER. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The involvement of a woman in society as a career woman has drawn various thoughts from religious leaders, some for and against. As for the sharia division of work space for each man and woman, it is not a limitation for career women. Including Aṭiyyah Ṣaqar's fatwa on career women which stipulates career rights for women can even be a flexible choice in all sectors outside the realm of government. Aṭiyyah's thinking is different from the thoughts of other scholars, both those who are pro towards career women and those who are against. So that Aṭiyyah Ṣaqar's fatwa is interesting to study, because his fatwas have had a lot of influence on the lives of Muslim communities in the world, both through print and electronic media, especially in Egypt, and discussions about career women are still a hot and actual academic discussion today. Therefore, this study examines Aṭiyyah Ṣaqar's fatwas or thoughts about the law of career women through the approach of the concept of legal istinbaṭ in the science of usul fiqh. To explore Aṭiyah's thoughts on the legal status of career women, the researcher used a library research, namely studying the books Mausū'ah al-Usrah Tahtā Ri'āyah al-Islām, Fatāwā wa Ahkām al-Mar'ah al-Muslimah and Ahsanul Kalām fi al-Fatāwā wa al-Ahkām as primary data and other references as secondary data with qualitative methods. While the data analysis method used is normative with a descriptive-analytical nature. After conducting research, the researcher finally found the following results that Aṭiyyah Ṣaqar's fatwa or thoughts about career women as a right that can be chosen in emergency conditions, as well as the legal elasticity of career women as a flexible choice, are in accordance with the concept of usul fiqh in legal istinbāṭ, namely the suitability of the argument used by Aṭiyyah with the concept of legal istinbaṭ (explanation of the texts of the Koran and hadith based on linguistic or semantic rules) and the rules of legal change in the science of usul fiqh. The use of the concept of ijtihad can be categorized as one of the three ijtihad methods agreed upon by the Usul Fiqh scholars, namely the ijtihad Bayānī method

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