ANALISA PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD MUSTAFA AL-A‘ZAMI TERHADAP KRITIK IGNAZ GOLDZIHER TENTANG SEJARAH KODIFIKASI HADIS

Ni’matur Rohmah, NIM.: 19105050037 (2023) ANALISA PEMIKIRAN MUHAMMAD MUSTAFA AL-A‘ZAMI TERHADAP KRITIK IGNAZ GOLDZIHER TENTANG SEJARAH KODIFIKASI HADIS. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The treasures of Islamic scholarship have made hadith a source of law that is highly respected by Muslims. This is not without controversy from various parties, for example in the criticism of orientalists who study hadith with various backgrounds and perspectives, ranging from objective to negative or skeptical tendencies. The historical problems of hadith are a major issue in the study of modern hadith. This paper discusses the orientalist Ignaz Goldziher who doubts the authenticity of hadith. He offers a methodology of historical criticism to justify the accusations made in dropping the existence of hadith. The persistence of the orientalists in criticizing hadith then received a response from the Muslim scholar, Muhammad Mus}tafā al-A‘zami>. He is one of the hadith scholars who has been vigorous in refuting the skeptical orientalist theories by providing criticism and rectifying the views that have so far tried to distort the history of hadith. Broadly speaking. the skeptical views put forward by orientalist Ignaz Goldziher, among others. First, most of the hadiths are the result of Islamic developments in the political and social fields. Second, the distance between the Prophet's time and the codification of hadith is more than 100 years adrift, during which time the scholars falsified hadith. Third, forgery on a large scale occured during the Umayyad period. This thesis aims to find out how the theory developed by Ignaz Goldziher and the rebuttal from Al-A`zamī and how the analysis developed by the author of Al-A`zamī's thoughts. This type of research is based on qualitativelibrary research (literature review). While the methodological step uses a descriptive-analytic approach, which means the author describes several theories offered by Ignaz Goldziher regarding the history of hadith codification, followed by a rebuttal brought by Al-A`zamī. Finally, the author analyzes Al-A`zamī's thoughts on Ignaz Goldziher. From several accusations and rebuttals from the two figures, the author analyzes Al-A`zamī's thoughts on Goldziher's criticism, including: First, all criticisms raised by Goldziher were successfully refuted by Al-A`zamī. Second, even though some of these refutations are personal analysis which means they are not completely accurate, the criticism made by Al-A`zamī shows more rational research and reasoning using scientific logic than the research conducted by Ignaz Goldziher which seems perfunctory. From these results, the authors argue that Ignaz Goldziher's criticism of doubting the authenticity of hadith cannot undermine the position of hadith as a second source of law.

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