STUDI KOMPARASI PEMIKIRAN ABUU NASHR AL-FARABI DAN CHUANG TZU TENTANG KONSEP KEBAHAGIAAN

Muhammad Khabib Maulana, NIM.: 19105010028 (2024) STUDI KOMPARASI PEMIKIRAN ABUU NASHR AL-FARABI DAN CHUANG TZU TENTANG KONSEP KEBAHAGIAAN. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Happiness is an eternal topic of discussion that will be relevant in every time and place. This research aims to discuss the concept of happiness from the perspective of two famous scholars, namely al-Fārābī and Chuang Tzu. This research uses a qualitative method through library research, using a comparative study that uses a historical-philosophical approach. In addition, this research also uses descriptive analysis method to present the data. This research resulted in a conclusion that: First, according to al- Fārābī, Happiness is the highest good (Absolute Good). To achieve happiness, one must go through four ways, namely One, intention and will. Two, repetition of good things. Three, making full use of the four virtues (theoretical virtue, intellectual virtue, moral virtue, and amalia or creative virtue). Four, having the virtue of moderation (the virtue of the middle); Second, happiness for Chuang Tzu is something that will automatically be obtained when a person lives his life in harmony with the Taoist path. The first thing a human being needs to do to walk the path of Tao is to know and understand his or her own nature―Te―by using the innate ability of human nature, namely cognitive recognition and understanding. After knowing about one's own nature, one should be free to practice one's own nature without any interference from others that would hinder the process of developing one's nature; Third, there are 4 similarities that can be found by researchers, namely: One, simple life as a medium to achieve peace and happiness. Two, using man's natural innate abilities will lead him to happiness. Three, both of them are of the opinion that following their nature will lead humans to happiness. Fourth, both of their concepts of happiness are individual. As for the differences found by the author, there are also 2, among others: One, the difference in their views on happiness. Two, the approach used. Al-Fārābī emphasizes more on reason, while Chuang Tzu on Intuition.

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