BIAS GENDER DALAM REPRESENTASI PENCIPTAAN HAWA` DALAM CERPEN WAKANAT AL-DUNYA KARYA TAUFIK AL-HAKIM: TINJAUAN ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS NORMAN FAIRCLOUGH

Dedi Ramadhan, NIM.: 20201012022 (2023) BIAS GENDER DALAM REPRESENTASI PENCIPTAAN HAWA` DALAM CERPEN WAKANAT AL-DUNYA KARYA TAUFIK AL-HAKIM: TINJAUAN ANALISIS WACANA KRITIS NORMAN FAIRCLOUGH. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study aims to examine gender bias in the representation of Hawā` creation contained in short stories Wakānat al-Dunyā Taufīk al-Hakīm's work uses Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis theory in order to dismantle gender injustice, ideology, and domination that exist in social praxis. The background of this research is the discovery of how Hawā` is represented differently from Adām. This can be seen from the story of Ādam's creation which is described as having characters such as: al-Rizānah (calm), al-Hilm (patience), al-Unātu (authoritative), and al-Numuw (grow). Meanwhile, Hawā` is described as having characters such as: al-Thaisy (reckless), al-Khifah (less thinking), al-Sur'ah (rush), and al-Ihrāq (burn). The theory used in this research is Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis Theory. This research is a qualitative research. The method used is descriptive-analytical method. This method is carried out by describing or outlining facts which are then followed by Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis method, namely: (1) the micro level is in the form of descriptions of language features in short story texts, (2) the meso level is in the form of interpretations from intertextuality studies. and interdiscursivity in the text, and (3) the macro level which contains an explanation of the socio-cultural practices shown in the discourse order. Nevertheless, this research does not only describe but also provides sufficient understanding and explanation. The results of this study indicate that Taufīk al-Hakīm, through a text that stereotypes women, negotiates with the values of conservatism and dualism. He made these values as an ideology contained in short stories and reflected in the social reality in Egypt, especially in the nineteenth century. This indicates injustice to women. Therefore, this research critiques through the social facts that were developing at that time, especially in the 19th century in Egypt related to women, starting from the social, educational, economic, and political fields.

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