HUKUM SALAT JUMAT VIRTUAL: PERSPEKTIF NAHDLATUL ULAMA (NU) DAN MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA (MUI) (STUDI KOMPARATIF PENDAPAT TOKOH)

Lubna Rahma Prabandana, NIM.: 20103060017 (2024) HUKUM SALAT JUMAT VIRTUAL: PERSPEKTIF NAHDLATUL ULAMA (NU) DAN MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA (MUI) (STUDI KOMPARATIF PENDAPAT TOKOH). Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Virtual Friday prayers are a contemporary issue whose validity is khilāfiyah, some allow it because of the emergency of COVID-19 and some prohibit it because it contradicts the Shariah, which has been carried out since the pandemic until now. This difference raises the author's curiosity regarding the background of the emergence of this phenomenon, how it continues to this day and what exactly is the law of this virtual Friday prayer. Therefore, the author compiles this thesis using the opinions of Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) and Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) figures as figures from two institutions that have a major contribution in determining Islamic law, on the other hand, the four figures the author interviewed are figures who are competent in the field of fatwa and answer many contemporary problems that grow in society. Based on this issue, this research uses two problem formulations, namely how the opinions of NU and MUI figures on the law of virtual Friday prayer and how to analyze the law of virtual Friday prayer using istisḥān and maṣlaḥah theories as methods to dissect this case. The purpose of using these two theories is to be able to categorize opinions with shara' arguments and opinions with arguments for benefits. The type of research is qualitative research by conducting field research in the form of interviews with four figures. Based on the research conducted, this study has two findings. First, the legality of virtual Friday prayers is seen from the urgency of COVID-19 and the benefits that arise for someone who is unable to pray Friday prayers in the mosque in virtual Friday prayers in accordance with the arguments presented by Roland Gunawan following the book "al-Iqnâ' bi Shihhat Shalât al-Jumu'ah fî al-Manzil Khalfa al-Midzyâ'" (Certainty Regarding the Legality of Friday Prayers at Home Behind the Radio) by Sheikh Ahmad ibn al-Shiddiq al-Ghumari. This fatwa arose due to the colonization that occurred at the time of Sheikh al-Ghumari and the difficulty in performing Friday prayers. This opinion is also approved by Imaduddin Uthman but only for problems such as COVID-19 because there is a shari'a purpose that is fulfilled in it and follows the opinion of Imam Abu Hanifah who allows Friday prayers to be performed with distance as long as the mum still knows the Imam's voice and movements. Second, the Friday prayer is invalid due to the non-fulfillment of the pillars and conditions, changes in the Friday prayer procedure taught by the Prophet, and the benefits that arise are considered rejected benefits in accordance with the opinions of Amas Tadjuddin and Asrorun Ni'am. Then Imaduddin Uthman argues that virtual Friday prayers outside because of the emergency of COVID-19 are not valid because the objectives of shari'a are not fulfilled because they will bring more mafsadat than maslahat.

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