BERDAYA PASCA BENCANA: Studi Pendayagunaan Zakat pada Organisasi Pengelola Zakat di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah

Uswatun Hasanah, NIM.: 17300016048 (2024) BERDAYA PASCA BENCANA: Studi Pendayagunaan Zakat pada Organisasi Pengelola Zakat di Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

One of the social problems faced by Indonesia is poverty. Natural disasters are among the factors contributing to poverty in Indonesia, and the poor bears significant burden, as they belong to the most vulnerable group. Palu, Sigi Regency, and Donggala were three administrative regions in Central Sulawesi Province experiencing the most severe impacts of the September 2018 earthquake, tsunami, and liquefaction. Natural disasters have had negative impacts, both directly and indirectly, on the development of economic and welfare of the disaster-affected people of Central Sulawesi. In addition to the government and private assistance, disaster victims also received zakat funds from Zakat Management Organization (OPZ), to start micro businesses. The utilization of zakat is expected to help the government reduce poverty and improve the people’s welfare after the catastrophe in Central Sulawesi Province. To optimize the use of zakat in improving the welfare of disaster victims, an accurate measurement tool is needed. This aims to assess the effectiveness of zakat – managed by OPZ – on the welfare of the victims of the disasters. This study aims to determine and analyze the impact of zakat on mustahik – zakat receiver group by sharia – welfare, on the Indeks Kesejahteraan BAZNAS (IKB) basis, carried out by OPZ, comprising BAZNAS and LAZNAS, in Central Sulawesi Province the catastrophe, IKB is a micro dimension of the National Zakat Index (IZN), used to measure the impact of zakat on mustahik welfare, comprising economic welfare, spiritual welfare, education, health, and independence. This descriptive quantitative research applied structured direct interview questionnaire survey method to collect data. Using proportional stratified random sampling technic and probability random sampling, 249 samples were drawn out of 655 of population. Data were analyzed using a quantitative analysis approach with multistage weigh index techniques to display IKB calculation data results of IKBc, including the CIBEST Welfare Index / CIBEST Model, which evaluates aspects of economic and spiritual welfare, of Human Development Index (HDI) Index – measuring education and health, and the Self-Reliance Index. The results show that zakat funds have long-term benefits if invested for productive businesses, along with training, supervising, and business assistance. From 249 Zakat recipient respondents, the study found that zakat conducted by BAZNAS and LAZNAS in Central Sulawesi Province in the form of business capital assistance has a positive impact on the welfare of mustahik following the disasters. First, the IKB value of all OPZs in Central Sulawesi is 0.77, indicating that zakat utilization has a good impact on the welfare of Mustahik after natural disasters. Second, the IKB value of BAZNAS in Central Sulawesi, consisting BAZNAS Central Sulawesi by 0.78, BAZNAS Palu City by 0.69, BAZNAS Donggala Regency by 0.82, and BAZNAS Microfinance Sigi Village by 0.79. The overall value shows that zakat utilization positively impacts Mustahik's welfare. Third, the IKB value of LAZNAS of 0.79 shows that zakat utilization has a good impact on the welfare of Mustahik after natural disasters.

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