KECENDERUNGAN FALSAFI DALAM KITAB TAFSIR AL-BAHR AL-MADID KARYA AHMAD IBN ‘AJIBAH

Nila Rohmatuzzahrok, NIM.: 22205035013 (2024) KECENDERUNGAN FALSAFI DALAM KITAB TAFSIR AL-BAHR AL-MADID KARYA AHMAD IBN ‘AJIBAH. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This research focuses on the nuanced interpretation of Nazari Sufism/falsafi in a Sufi commentary book. The material object is al-Bahr al-Madīd fī tafsīr al-Qur'an al-Majīd, the work of Ahmad ibn 'Ajibah. The subject limitation in this research is the divine verses in the book of tafsir al-Bahr al-Madīd fī tafsīr al-Qur'an al-Majīd. The significance of this research is established through three arguments. First, the interpreter's background plays an important role in an interpretive product. Second, there are books of Sufi commentary that intersect with philosophical theories or even use in-depth analysis of philosophical models. Third, rereading Sufi interpretations with openness to the philosophical dimension needs to be done. The determination of research is limited to divine verses because this discussion is the most important theme in the field of philosophy and Sufism. There are two formulations of the problem put forward in this research. First, what are the philosophical tendencies of Ibn 'Ajibah's interpretation in the book of tafsir al-Bahr al-Madid? Second, what factors influence the philosophical tendencies of Ibn 'Ajibah's interpretation in the book of tafsir al-Bahr al-Madid? The first problem formulation emerged in order to determine the philosophical tendencies contained in Ahmad bin 'Ajibah's interpretation through reading divine verses. The second problem formulation is to photograph the life and scientific landscape of ibn 'Ajibah which has implications for the style and style of his interpretation. This research is a type of library research will be explored using Gadamer's fusion of horizon theory to capture Ibn 'Ajibah's influence on history. There are three important findings in this research. First, God for Ibn 'Ajibah is wājibul wujūd, that is, a necessary form. He is a single substance and there is no partner for Him. Ibn 'Ajibah continued this argument by emphasizing that God is the Creator and Ruler of the universe. The singleness of God is for the order of the universe, otherwise the order and harmony of the universe will be destroyed. This understanding has similarities with the concept of God's form initiated by al-Kindi. This interpretation is elaborated in QS. Al-Anbiya': 16-22 and QS. An-Nahl: 17-20. Second, the universe with its uniqueness and phenomena is God's creation as well as proof of the existence of the One God. A universe that is preserved and created in all its details is perfect for human needs. The blessings of creation (ījād) and maintenance (imdād) indicate the existence of a wise Creator and Sustainer, namely God (Allah). This concept is also in accordance with Ibn Rushd's argument. Third, Ibn 'Ajibah grew up in a family environment that was devoutly religious and ascetic. His scientific journey explores the inner (sufism) and zahir dimensions, including Nazari Sufism (philosophy). His sensitivity to philosophy allows him to study philosophy more deeply, as evidenced by several of his interpretations which have philosophical nuances. On the other hand, its interpretation is influenced by the work of previous scholars and their teachers.

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