PEMAKNAAN KEADAAN MENDESAK SEBAGAI ALASAN DALAM PERMOHONAN DISPENSASI KAWIN (STUDI PENETAPAN PENGADILAN AGAMA PADANG TAHUN 2020-2023)

Muhammad Irfan AD, NIM.: 22203012040 (2024) PEMAKNAAN KEADAAN MENDESAK SEBAGAI ALASAN DALAM PERMOHONAN DISPENSASI KAWIN (STUDI PENETAPAN PENGADILAN AGAMA PADANG TAHUN 2020-2023). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The Article 7 paragraph (2) of Law Number 16 of 2019 Concerning the Amendment to Law Number 1 of 1974 Concerning Marriage and Supreme Court Regulation (PERMA) Number 5 of 2019 Concerning Guidelines for Adjudicating Marriage Dispensation Applications, stipulates that marriage dispensation can only be granted in urgent circumstances. However, these provisions do not specify the parameters that define urgency, giving rise to a variety of interpretations among judges. These various interpretations can lead to disparities in decisions that impact on consistency and fairness in the application of the law. Therefore, this study aims to map the diversity of judges' interpretations of urgent circumstances in the determination of marriage dispensation, and analyze the factors that influence these differences in interpretation, as well as evaluate the extent to which the value of maslahah is applied in the legal decision-making process. The type of research conducted by the author is field research with an analytical descriptive nature that uses an empirical juridical research approach. Judges at the Padang Religious Court, who were interviewed directly through research, Neil MacCormick's Legal Reasoning Theory, Jasser Auda's Maqāṣid Syarī'ah Theory, and the Padang Religious Court Stipulation as primary sources and secondary sources in the form of journals, books, theses or legal articles related to the problem. Then analysed using qualitative analysis techniques and using Legal Reasoning Theory and Maqāṣid Sharī'ah Theory to analyse the determination of marriage dispensation. The results showed that, First, the interpretation of the phrase urgent circumstances in Article 7 paragraph (2) of Law Number 16 of 2019 Amendment to Law Number 1 of 1974 Concerning Marriage shows the important role of judges in prioritising justice. Based on Neil MacCormick's legal reasoning theory, judges do not only refer to formal texts, but also consider religious values, social norms, and factual needs. Secondly, the judge decided the case using the maqāṣid syarī'ah approach, which emphasises the objectives of Islamic law, namely maintaining the benefit and preventing harm, and integrating the six characteristics of Islamic legal epistemology: cognitive nature, wholeness, openness, hierarchical harmony, multidimensionality, and meaningfulness.

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