ANALISIS RASM MANUSKRIP MUSHAF AL-QUR’AN MUSEUM SUNAN GIRI KODE 2003/01/054

Nabila Sethia Izzati, NIM.: 20105030006 (2025) ANALISIS RASM MANUSKRIP MUSHAF AL-QUR’AN MUSEUM SUNAN GIRI KODE 2003/01/054. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study examines the manuscript of the Qur'an from the Sunan Giri Museum collection in Gresik, coded 2003/01/054, using a philological approach, particularly textology and codicology. The research aims to analyze the script system (rasm) applied in the manuscript and identify the factors influencing its application. Additionally, the study explores the characteristics of illumination, symbols, and aesthetic aspects of the manuscript to understand its uniqueness and historical value. The research employs a descriptive-analytical method with a qualitative approach. Data were obtained through direct observation of the manuscript, interviews with museum managers, and literature review. The findings indicate that the manuscript adopts rasm ‘Us|mani with some variations, such as the omission and addition of letters, as well as the joining of specific words, which differ from modern Qur'anic scripts. These variations were influenced by local cultural adaptations and the technological limitations of the time. The analysis of illumination reveals distinctive decorative patterns in the initial sections of chapters, page edges, and the center of the manuscript (Surah Al-Kahfi), showcasing a high level of artistic complexity during its creation. This study deeply analyzes the application of the ‘Us|mani script (rasm) in the manuscript of the Qur’an housed in the Sunan Giri Museum collection, coded 2003/01/054. In this manuscript, the implementation of rasm reveals several significant variations. Broadly, these variations encompass six main principles of rasm: al-hazf (omission of letters), al-ziyadah (addition of letters), al-hamz (writing of the hamzah), al-badal (letter substitution), al-wasl wa al-fasl (joining and separating words), and words with multiple reading possibilities. In terms of word joining, this manuscript exhibits patterns that are not entirely consistent with modern Qur’anic standards. For instance, there are cases where words are joined for aesthetic reasons or due to space limitations within the manuscript medium. The analysis also notes the influence of the scribe’s habits, which tended to preserve unique local elements, such as a style of writing uncommon in other manuscripts of the same era. Historically, the application of rasm in this manuscript reflects early standardization efforts of the ‘Us|mani script in the Nusantara region. While adhering to the ‘Us|mani standard, the transcription of this manuscript also adapted to the local social and cultural context, such as the influence of local scripts in the arrangement of certain symbols. These local elements suggest that the scribes were not only reproducing the Qur’an normatively but also integrating artistic and traditional values into the text. The analysis further reveals that the ‘Us|mani script in this manuscript not only served as a guideline for writing but also as a medium for preserving traditional qira’at and recitation methods. Thus, this manuscript serves as an important testament to the development of rasm and qira’at in the Nusantara region, uniquely differing from Qur’anic manuscripts in the Middle East or other areas. Overall, this study underscores the importance of in-depth research into rasm as a fundamental aspect of Qur’anic manuscript writing.

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