PENGARUH OPTIMISME DAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP RESILIENSI JANDA KARENA PASANGAN MENINGGAL DENGAN SELF EFFICACY SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI

Nova Khoerunisa, NIM.: 22200012101 (2025) PENGARUH OPTIMISME DAN DUKUNGAN SOSIAL TERHADAP RESILIENSI JANDA KARENA PASANGAN MENINGGAL DENGAN SELF EFFICACY SEBAGAI VARIABEL MEDIASI. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The loss of a spouse due to death has a profound psychological impact on women who become widows. They face social stigma, emotional distress, and dual responsibilities within the family. Resilience is a key factor in helping them adapt and recover from adversity. This study aims to analyze the influence of optimism and social support on the resilience of widows, with self-efficacy as a mediating variable. This research employs a correlational quantitative method with a sample of 190 widows in Bandung. Data collection was conducted using four measurement scales: the optimism scale (Seligman), the resilience scale (Grotberg), the self-efficacy scale (Bandura), and the social support scale (Sarafino). Data analysis was performed using SmartPLS. The findings indicate that optimism and social support directly influence resilience. Optimism also affects self-efficacy (coefficient = 0.621, p < 0.05), as does social support (coefficient = 0.132, p < 0.05). Furthermore, self-efficacy was found to mediate the relationship between optimism and resilience (Sobel Test = 6.595, p < 0.05) as well as between social support and resilience (Sobel Test = 2.076, p < 0.05). These findings highlight the crucial role of self-efficacy in enhancing the resilience of widows. Therefore, psychological interventions aimed at strengthening this factor can help them in their adaptation and recovery process.

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