POLA WAZN DALAM DIWAN QASAID ULA KARYA ADONIS (PERSPEKTIF ILMU ‘ARUD)

Raden Muhammad Ardiansyah Kurniawan, NIM.: 21201012022 (2024) POLA WAZN DALAM DIWAN QASAID ULA KARYA ADONIS (PERSPEKTIF ILMU ‘ARUD). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Arabic literature was in decline before entering the modern era. Arabic literature began to rise after Napoleon Bonaparte's expansion in Egypt in 1798 A.D. Many schools of Western literature have been adopted by Arab writers into their works. This led to the rise of modern Arabic literature as 'Aṣr al-Nahḍah. 'Ali Ahmad Said Asbar or Adonis is one of the most famous modern Arabic literati. Adonis was known as a very reactive person in responding to modernity. He also did not hesitate to position himself as a symbol of modernity. His ideas and criticisms were conveyed through poetry in a new form. According to him, creative freedom in literature signifies purity and characterizes the work. The new form of poetry was built to be free from the restrictive elements of old poetry. This study discusses the renewal of wazn patterns in Adonis poetry in Diwan Qaṣaid Ula using contemporary 'aruḍ theory. The purpose of this study was to determine the form of modernity, examine the structural patterns of Adonis poetry using the theory of 'aruḍ, and the extent of renewal in poetry writing. This research method used a descriptive method, and the data were analyzed using the taqṭi' method in the science of 'aruḍ. The results of this study show the existence of a new structure of free poetry writing from Adonis' perspective. In the use of pure baḥr Adonis still follows contemporary patterns. There are 6 forms of pure baḥr found, namely: Rajaz, Sari', Mutaqarab, Ramal, Kamil, and Hazaj. The use of mixed Adonis baḥr has its own pattern. Each of these patterns is sometimes in the verse (ḍarb), always adding one taf'ilah. 4 mixed baḥrs are found, namely: Khafif, Munsariḥ, Mujtaṡ, and Ṭawil. The writing of Adonis poetry has its own characteristics, the difference is the use of mixed baḥr forms. Of the several contemporary theories that already exist, Adonis did not fully follow them

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