PERBANDINGAN PEMIKIRAN H.O.S TJ OKROAMINOTO DAN SEMAUN MENGENAI NASIONALIS ME ISLAM DAN SOSIALIS ME ISLAM 1913 1920

Hakimi Arsya Saragih, NIM.: 21201022003 (2024) PERBANDINGAN PEMIKIRAN H.O.S TJ OKROAMINOTO DAN SEMAUN MENGENAI NASIONALIS ME ISLAM DAN SOSIALIS ME ISLAM 1913 1920. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study discusses the thoughts of H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto and Semaun on Islamic Nationali sm and Islamic Socialism. These two figures have different perspectives on the societal conditions. The influence of their backgrounds strongly shapes their ideologies. Furthermore, what most influenced Tjokroaminoto's thinking were Pan Islamism, Turkism, and Prophet Muhammad. Tjokroaminoto saw that Islam in Indonesia at that time needed to undergo changes to break free from colonialism. On the other hand, Semaun viewed Marxism, born from the Western world, believing that revolutionary actions were necessar y to liberate the lower to middle class society. This research is a historical study using the Historical Thought Approach according to Kuntowijoyo. The study of historical thought includes three aspects: the analysis of texts, the context, and the relatio nship between texts and society, in order to examine the influence of the thoughts of H.O.S. Tjokroaminoto and Semaun. The research employs historical methods such as Heuristics, Verification, Interpretation, and Historiography. Firstly, the influence of I slam on Nationalism and Socialism had a significant impact on Muslims in Indonesia from 1913 to 1920 under the pressure of Dutch colonialism. Tjokroaminoto's concepts of Islamic nationalism and socialism provided new insights for Muslims at that time. Seco ndly, the influence of intellectuals like Tjokroaminoto and Semaun provided ideas based on their life experiences and the influence of knowledge and foreign politics to aid society. Tjokroaminoto adopted Islam as an ideology for Sarekat Islam, while Semaun advocated Marxism socialism to defend the working class and peasants. Thirdly, Tjokroaminoto's thoughts on Islamic nationalism and socialism aimed to foster unity to help Muslim or native people under colonial rule, while Semaun saw nationalism and social ism as sources for revolutionary movements against colonial government to support the working class and peasants. However, the ideological thoughts of these two figures became the foundation of early movements in Indonesia.

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