TINJAUAN HUKUM TERHADAP HUBUNGAN KERJA FREELANCE TANPA PKWT PADA PLATFORM LIVE STREAMING (STUDI KASUS HOST TALENT TIKTOK @BUKUUTAMA DI YOGYAKARTA)

Nadhifah Aurora, NIM.: 21103080052 (2025) TINJAUAN HUKUM TERHADAP HUBUNGAN KERJA FREELANCE TANPA PKWT PADA PLATFORM LIVE STREAMING (STUDI KASUS HOST TALENT TIKTOK @BUKUUTAMA DI YOGYAKARTA). Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This research examines the employment relationship between host talents and the company @bukuutama on the TikTok live streaming platform, conducted without a written employment agreement (PKWT). Although the workers are labeled as freelancers, substantial indicators show that the employment meets the legal elements of work, wages, and command, as regulated in Article 1 paragraph 15 of Law No. 13 of 2003 on Manpower. This study aims to assess the legality of such working relationships and the implications on workers’ rights, particularly regarding legal labor protection. This study uses a qualitative method with a juridical-empirical approach, utilizing primary data from interviews with former hosts, analysis of Terms & Conditions (T&C), and secondary sources including labor regulations and academic literature. The research is descriptive-analytical in nature, aiming to describe and evaluate the employment structure within the digital gig economy context. The results reveal that the working relationship between hosts and @bukuutama satisfies the substantive legal elements of a labor agreement, despite lacking a formal contract. This has critical implications on the fulfillment of labor rights. Out of five key forms of legal protection (wages, social security, task clarity, occupational safety, and legal certainty), only one is partially fulfilled. The absence of a written agreement places workers in a subordinate position without legal safeguards. Therefore, the use of the “freelance” label in this case obscures the reality of a formal employment relationship, contradicting the principles of fair industrial relations.

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