ETIKA TANGGUNG JAWAB TERHADAP KRISIS EKOLOGIS (STUDI KOMPARATIF PEMIKIRAN HANS JONAS DAN SEYYED HOSSEIN NASR)

Rahmad Alkhadafi, NIM.: 23205011001 (2025) ETIKA TANGGUNG JAWAB TERHADAP KRISIS EKOLOGIS (STUDI KOMPARATIF PEMIKIRAN HANS JONAS DAN SEYYED HOSSEIN NASR). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This research is motivated by the global ecological crisis that is not only physical and technical, but also reflects the crisis of values and spirituality of modern humans in treating nature. Efforts to resolve this crisis are not enough if they only rely on technology and policies, but demand a fundamental paradigm shift in human relations with nature. In this context, the ethics of responsibility is a relevant philosophical approach because it emphasizes long-term moral responsibility for the preservation of life. Hans Jonas, through the concept of imperative responsibility, calls for a new ethic that is adapted to the transformative power of modern technology. He emphasizes the principle of prudence (the heuristic of fear) to protect the future of life on earth. On the other hand, Seyyed Hossein Nasr sees the root of the ecological crisis in secularism and spiritual reduction in modern science, which makes nature a mere material object. He offers the concept of “sacred science” that integrates metaphysical and spiritual principles, and places humans as caliphs in charge of maintaining the sanctity of nature. This research is library research using a documentation method. Primary data sources in this research include the original book by Hans Jonas entitled The Imperative of Responsibility: In Search of an Ethics for the Technological Age and Seyyed Hossein Nasr entitled Man and Nature: The Spiritual Crisis of Modern Man. Meanwhile, the secondary data sources utilize written references related to Hans Jonas and Seyyed Hossein Nasr's views on the ethics of responsibility towards the ecological crisis. The documented data is then analyzed through four stages, namely: data reduction, data classification, data display and interpretation, and conclusion making. In this research, the author formulates two research questions. First, how is the ethical concept of responsibility for the ecological crisis in the thoughts of Hans Jonas and Seyyed Hossein Nasr? Second, how does the ethical concept of responsibility for the ecological crisis of Hans Jonas and Seyyed Hossein Nasr compare? The findings of this research are as follows: First, both Jonas and Nasr propose a new ethical paradigm in facing the ecological crisis, although from different epistemological foundations. Jonas emphasizes ethical responsibility based on rationality towards the future, while Nasr emphasizes the importance of spiritual awareness of the sanctity of the cosmos. Second, both agree that the ecological crisis is essentially a crisis of values and human moral failure in maintaining a responsible relationship with nature

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