PENDIDIKAN SEBAGAI STANDAR KAFAAH DALAM PERKAWINAN MASYARAKAT MODERN (STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA MAGISTER UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA DAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA)

Ahmad Muzakki Kholis, S.H., NIM.: 23203011111 (2025) PENDIDIKAN SEBAGAI STANDAR KAFAAH DALAM PERKAWINAN MASYARAKAT MODERN (STUDI KASUS MAHASISWA MAGISTER UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA DAN UNIVERSITAS NEGERI YOGYAKARTA). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This research examines the fundamental shift in the concept of kafaah (compatibility) in Islamic marriage, from the classical fiqh understanding oriented towards inherited status such as lineage (nasab) and wealth, to a contemporary interpretation that establishes education as a functional standard. The background for this research is the increasing relevance of education in modern society, which demands a reinterpretation of the kafaah concept to align with contemporary developments. This study aims to analyze how the shift in the meaning of kafaah occurs from the perspective of the educated modern generation and to formulate how education can become a new, functional standard in a partnership. This study employs a normative-empirical approach. The main theoretical framework used is Satjipto Rahardjo's progressive law theory, which emphasizes that law must be adaptive to achieve substantive justice. Primary data sources are derived from in-depth interviews with 15 postgraduate students in Yogyakarta, representing the educated modern generation, while secondary data include fiqh literature, journals, and relevant empirical research. The research findings indicate a paradigm shift from status-based kafaah to competency-based kafaah. The main finding of this study is the formulation of the "Three Pillars Model of Modern Kafaah," derived from empirical data, namely: 1) Moral Foundation (religion, ethics), 2) Functional Engine (education, intellectuality), and 3) Directional Goal (emotional maturity, life vision). In this model, education is viewed as the "engine" that enables the achievement of being "on the same wavelength" (satu frekuensi) or intellectual equality, which is crucial for communication and conflict resolution. The data also reveal a nuanced view that formal education provides the cognitive tools for maturity, but it is not a guarantee without a strong moral foundation. The trend of delaying marriage to invest in "human capital" and the digital narrative of the "power couple" further reinforce the centrality of education as a new standard.

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