HAK TENAGA KERJA YANG DI-PHK AKIBAT PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INTERNET DENGAN ALASAN EFISIENSI (TINJAUAN HUKUM POSITIF DAN MAQ A SID ASY SYARIAH)

Irsan Taufik, NIM.: 23203011131 (2025) HAK TENAGA KERJA YANG DI-PHK AKIBAT PEMANFAATAN TEKNOLOGI INTERNET DENGAN ALASAN EFISIENSI (TINJAUAN HUKUM POSITIF DAN MAQ A SID ASY SYARIAH). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The use of internet technology has significantly changed the landscape of employment. Companies have increasingly shifted from human labor to digital systems as a means of operational efficiency. However, this shift has raised new legal concerns, particularly regarding the legitimacy of termination of employment (PHK) on the grounds of technological efficiency. The core legal issue addressed in this thesis is whether such dismissals are justified under Indonesian law and whether they align with Islamic principles of justice. This research is a normative legal study utilizing statutory and conceptual approaches. The data used consists of primary and secondary legal materials, analyzed qualitatively. The theoretical framework includes Gustav Radbruch’s theory of justice and the principles of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah. The theory of justice is employed to assess the balance between efficiency and workers’ rights, while Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah serves as a tool to evaluate whether dismissals comply with the essential objectives of Islamic law. The results of the study indicate that Indonesian positive law justifies Termination of Employment for reasons of efficiency under certain conditions as regulated in Article 164 paragraph (3) of Law Number 13 of 2003 concerning employment and Article 36 of Government Regulation Number 35 of 2021 concerning Fixed-Term Employment Agreements, Outsourcing, Working Hours and Rest Hours, and Termination of Employment. However, in the perspective of Maqāṣid al-Sharī‘ah, the act of termination of employment must consider the protection of the soul (ḥifẓ al-nafs), property (ḥifẓ al-māl), and reason (‘aql) of workers so as not to conflict with the values of welfare and justice. This study recommends that employment law be more responsive to the impact of digitalization and integrate the principle of substantive justice that is in line with sharia values.

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