REKONSTRUKSI BIOSENTRISME DALAM KRISIS LINGKUNGAN: KRITIK ATAS KEBIJAKAN DESENTRALISASI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA

Adhimas Alifian Yuwono, NIM.: 23205012002 (2025) REKONSTRUKSI BIOSENTRISME DALAM KRISIS LINGKUNGAN: KRITIK ATAS KEBIJAKAN DESENTRALISASI PENGELOLAAN SAMPAH DI DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study was motivated by the complexity of waste management issues in the Special Region of Yogyakarta (DIY) following the enactment of a decentralized waste management policy. The decentralization policy was designed to transfer responsibility for waste management from the central government (province) to three regional areas, namely Sleman Regency, Yogyakarta City, and Bantul Regency, with the aim of improving effectiveness, efficiency, and community involvement. However, this policy still raises anthropocentric ethical issues such as uncertainty in implementation, imbalance in waste management policy objectives, and environmental impacts felt by affected communities around waste management sites. This means that the problems that arise are not only technical and procedural, but also philosophical and paradigmatic, and it is in this area that this research is conducted. This study offers a reconstruction of biosentrist environmental ethics that emphasizes holistic protection of biotic communities as a critique of anthropocentrism and a basis for philosophical awareness in the context of waste management. The reconstruction is carried out by elaborating on the concepts of biosentrisme, including: respect for life, land ethics, anti-speciesism, and bio-transcendentalism to be contextualized in decentralization policies. This study is qualitative in nature and uses triangulation methods in the form of interviews, observations, and documentation. Interviews were conducted with stakeholders, environmental activists, and the community. Observations and documentation were carried out to verify the actual conditions in the DIY region. The data was then classified based on the theoretical framework of political ethics and analyzed within the framework of biocentrism through reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing to answer the research questions. The results of this study are, first, that the decentralized waste management policy in DIY contains strong anthropocentric nuances, which still cause various problems ranging from regulatory uncertainty, weak responsiveness and supervision, imbalance of objectives, illegal waste disposal, to social conflicts related to environmental impacts. Second, a paradigmatic reconstruction of biosentrisme is proposed by emphasizing humans as moral actors in the biotic community. Based on the principle of respect for life, waste management needs to be designed to maintain the integrity, stability, and beauty of the environment as well as environmental justice for the affected residents. In addition, narratives about theological sacredness of the environment are very important to support waste management practices. Ultimately, this study recommends strict regulations on waste control for the tourism industry, reduction of waste production at the source, and environmentally friendly management with biospheric security guarantees in the region for environmental sustainability in DIY.

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