PEMIKIRAN ABDUL KARIM SOROUSH TENTANG AL-QABD WA AL-BAST FI AL-SYARIAH DAN AL-AQL WA AL-HURIYYAH

Tyas Setyanti, NIM.: 23205011009 (2025) PEMIKIRAN ABDUL KARIM SOROUSH TENTANG AL-QABD WA AL-BAST FI AL-SYARIAH DAN AL-AQL WA AL-HURIYYAH. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Islamic thought discourse lies between the solid heritage of religious tradition and the ever-changing challenges of the modern era. This situation has given rise to various responses, namely those who completely reject modernity and those who embrace it. Contemporary Islamic thinkers seek to bridge tradition and modernity. Amidst this complex discourse, Abdul Karim Soroush offers the theory of contraction and expansion of Sharia (al-qabḍ wa al-basṭ fī asy-syarī’ah), to refine the ideas of revivalist thinkers, which he considers to be not yet fully mature. However, to understand Soroush's thinking, it is not enough to analyze the theory of contraction and expansion (al-qabḍ wa al-basṭ) alone, because this theory cannot function in a vacuum, but requires two main pillars, namely reason and freedom. This study departs from the assumption that the three pillars of Soroush's thought, namely the theory of contraction and expansion of Sharia (al-qabḍ wa al-basṭ fī asy-syarī'ah), reason (al-'aql), and freedom (al-huriyyah), are an inseparable unity. This type of research is library research. This research applies documentation techniques to collect data. Data analysis begins with gathering detailed information, which is then organized systematically. Once all the data needed for the research has been collected, analysis is carried out. After the research analysis results are found, the researcher provides conclusions and recommendations. As for the results of this research, Abdul Karim Soroush with the theory of contraction and expansion of Sharia (al-qabḍ wa al-basṭ fī asy-syarī'ah), first distinguishes religion from religious knowledge, then views religious knowledge as human knowledge, like other sciences. Reason (al-‘aql), which is related to the theory of contraction and expansion (al-qabḍ wa al-basṭ), plays a role as the mechanism that drives the entire process of contraction and expansion (al-qabḍ wa al-basṭ). Similarly, freedom (al-huriyyah) is a prerequisite that enables the theory of contraction and expansion (al-qabḍ wa al-basṭ) to function optimally. This interconnection has implications for Islamic discourse, namely as a foundation for pluralism of interpretation, internal religious harmony, and the development of democracy.

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