POLA DAN ARAH REFORMASI HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM MODERN DALAM RANAH DIGITAL (STUDI PLATFORM: SHARIAWIZ, ALMWAREETH, NU ONLINE, JUSTIKA, SCS INHERITANCE CALCULATOR, DAN IFARAID)

Fitri Nurulita, S.H., NIM.: 23203012063 (2025) POLA DAN ARAH REFORMASI HUKUM KEWARISAN ISLAM MODERN DALAM RANAH DIGITAL (STUDI PLATFORM: SHARIAWIZ, ALMWAREETH, NU ONLINE, JUSTIKA, SCS INHERITANCE CALCULATOR, DAN IFARAID). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The digitalization of Islamic inheritance calculations across various cross-national platforms reveals significant discrepancies in outcomes in cases involving Radd, namely the redistribution of the remaining estate to the Aṣḥāb al-Furūḍ in the absence of ‘Aṣābah. When tested using a scenario that leaves only two heirs namely, the mother as a furūḍ nasabiyyah heir and the wife as a furūḍ sababiyyah heir these platforms exhibit divergent approaches to allocating the residual estate. This condition raises the question of why differences occur in the application of Radd to nasabiyah and sababiyah heirs within digital inheritance system, resulting in non-uniform calculation outcomes across platforms despite the use of an identical scenario. This study employs a descriptive–comparative qualitative method by testing a single Radd scenario across six platforms: Shariawiz (United States), Almwareeth (Middle East), iFaraid (Malaysia), the Syariah Court Calculator (Singapore), NU Online, and Justika (Indonesia). J. N. D. Anderson’s Theory of Islamic Legal Reform is used to assess traces of takhayyur, talfiq, and other forms of ijtihad that shape the computational logic adopted by the developers of each platform. Muhammad Syahrur’s Theory of Limits is then used as a normative analytical tool to determine whether the patterns of residual distribution align with Syahrur’s minimum and maximum boundaries and his approach to resolving inheritance residues. The findings show that practices of takhayyur and talfiq directly influence the differing computational outcomes. Three platforms; Shariawiz, NU Online, Justika, and the Shafi‘i variant of Almwareeth, align with Syahrur’s pattern because they return the residue entirely to the mother as a nasabiyyah heir. In contrast, iFaraid, the Syariah Court (Shafi‘i variant), and the Maghribi variant of Almwareeth do not align with this pattern, as they allocate the residue to the Baitul Mal, furūḍ sababiyyah, or dhawū al-arḥām. Nevertheless, none of the platforms correspond to Syahrur’s numerical scheme, because all of them continue to apply static formulas of classical jurisprudence and do not implement Syahrur’s minimum and maximum boundaries. Thus, the alignment observed pertains only to the level of distributional patterns, not to the substantive or mathematical structure of the calculations.

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