KEPEMIMPINAN KIAI DERMODJOJO DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP DINAMIKA SOSIAL-KEAGAMAAN DAN POLITIK DI BERBEK, NGANJUK, JAWA TIMUR, 1877-1907 M.

Zakiyatul Khusna, NIM.: 22201022007 (2024) KEPEMIMPINAN KIAI DERMODJOJO DAN PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP DINAMIKA SOSIAL-KEAGAMAAN DAN POLITIK DI BERBEK, NGANJUK, JAWA TIMUR, 1877-1907 M. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study aims to examine Kiai Dermodjojo's leadership role in social, political and religious aspects. Kiai Dermodjojo's leadership played a central role in the dynamics of Berbek society from the mid-19th century to the early 20th century. His leadership not only served as a spiritual guide, but also as a symbol of resistance to colonial oppression. This research discusses Kiai Dermodjojo's leadership in the period 1877-1907 CE. The main problems in this study are: How Kiai Dermodjojo's leadership influenced the social, political, and religious dynamics that affected the Berbek community, Nganjuk, East Java. This research is a social history research that uses a sociological approach. The theories used are leadership and social dynamics. This research procedure uses the historical method, with the following stages: data collection stage (heuristic) of sources both primary and secondary sources in the form of archives and books, source criticism stage (verification) to test the historical data that has been collected, interpretation stage (interpretation) in order to provide an overview of variant patterns related to the impact of leadership and writing stage (historiography) arranged systematically, chronologically and periodically. The results of this research are as follows: First, in in the mid-19th century, the Berbek people, the majority of whom were farmers, experienced a heavy burden due to the forced high taxes. The Berbek region was under colonial control with local officials subservient to the Dutch. Meanwhile, Islam became a major force, with religious leaders such as Kiai Dermodjojo maintaining religious identity, building solidarity and leading the community. Second, Kiai Dermodjojo played a central role as a spiritual, social and political leader in the Berbek community from the mid- 19th century to the early 20th century. His leadership is reflected in his efforts to integrate local traditions and Islamic teachings, making him the guardian of traditions and a spiritual role model. Third, Kiai Dermodjojo succeeded in strengthening the community's solidarity and religious identity by syncretizing religion and culture. His influence not only strengthened the position of religion in Berbek, but also developed the Ratu Adil belief and mobilized resistance to the Dutch Colonial Government. Thus, Kiai Dermodjojo's leadership has significance in the historical context for today's community developers.

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