REINTERPRETASI PERANG ENAM HARI 1967 DALAM PUISI “HAWAMISY ‘ALA DAFTAR AL-NAKSAH” KARYA NIZAR QABBANI: KAJIAN POETIKA BUDAYA STEPHEN GREENBLATT

Azhar Ilham Haliwungan, NIM.: 23201011015 (2025) REINTERPRETASI PERANG ENAM HARI 1967 DALAM PUISI “HAWAMISY ‘ALA DAFTAR AL-NAKSAH” KARYA NIZAR QABBANI: KAJIAN POETIKA BUDAYA STEPHEN GREENBLATT. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This research examines the reinterpretation of the 1967 Six- Day War in the poem “Hawāmisy ‘alā Daftar al-Naksah” by Nizār Qabbānī through parallel readings with contemporary literary and non-literary texts. The Six-Day War of 1967 was a historical event that not only resulted in the military defeat of Arab countries but also triggered social, political, and cultural crises. Based on this issue, the study aims to understand Qabbānī's authorship in this poem as a manifestation of his war experience, an expression of his social and political critique, and a reinterpretation of the war within contemporary literary and non-literary texts. The research employs a qualitative analysis with parallel reading based on Stephen Greenblatt’s cultural poetics. This approach includes an analysis of “Hawāmisy ‘alā Daftar al-Naksah” in relation to literary texts such as the poetry of ‘Abd al-Wahhāb al-Bayātī and Aḥmad ‘Abd al-Mu‘tī Ḥijāzī, as well as the novels al-Karnak by Najīb Maḥfūẓ and 67 by Ṣan‘ullāh Ibrāhīm. Additionally, the study examines non-literary texts, including radio broadcasts, newspaper articles, caricatures, and photographs. The findings reveal that “Hawāmisy ‘alā Daftar al-Naksah” serves as a concrete manifestation of Nizār Qabbānī’s authorship. His poetic expression emerges as a product of the traumatic experience of the Six-Day War, conveyed through a sharp critique of authoritarianism, media deception, political repression, and the loss of Arab identity following the defeat. In this poem, Qabbānī exposes empty rhetoric and propaganda through biting satire. He mocks the bombastic language of Arab leaders with the metaphor of "drums and rebabs," emphasizing that wars were waged with rhetorical flourishes rather than military strategies. Qabbānī also underscores the role of the media in shaping misleading perceptions, positioning the poem as a critique of power structures that manipulate public emotions while lacking genuine preparedness. The poem’s reinterpretation of the Six-Day War, when examined in parallel with contemporary texts, demonstrates that the defeat was not limited to the battlefield but also extended into discursive spaces dominated by propaganda and political repression. Ultimately, “Hawāmisy ‘alā Daftar al-Naksah” functions as a critical documentation of political, psychological, and military failures, fostering a new awareness within Arab society.

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