TRAGEDI PALESTINA DALAM PUISI “SYUARA AL-ARD AL-MUHTALLAH” KARYA NIZAR QABBANI (KAJIAN SEMANALISIS DAN INTERTEKSTUALITAS JULIA KRISTEVA)

Khoirul Anam, NIM.: 23201011013 (2025) TRAGEDI PALESTINA DALAM PUISI “SYUARA AL-ARD AL-MUHTALLAH” KARYA NIZAR QABBANI (KAJIAN SEMANALISIS DAN INTERTEKSTUALITAS JULIA KRISTEVA). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study examines the Palestinian tragedy poetry of “Syuʽarā' al-Arḍ al-Muhtallah” by Nizār Qabbānī with semanalytical reading which is divided into two parts, namely; genotext and phenotext and continued with Julia Kristeva's Intertextuality reading”. The Palestinian tragedy in 1967 or what is known as the six-day war (Naksah) is a tragedy following the Nakbah that occurred in 1948, Nizār Qabbānī responded to the incident with his poetry which was quite phenomenal and inversely proportional to the image of his poetry so far which, Nizār Qabbānī is better known as the poet of “love and women”. This research aims to trace the origins of poetry creation with a semanalytical approach through the Genotext phase and understand or review the denotative and connotative meanings in the Phenotext phase. After passing these two steps, proceeding to the realm of Intertextuality, namely exploring expressions taken from other texts that intersect and neutralize each other with new articulations, as Julia Kristeva stated that Intertextuality has nothing to do with the influence between authors or between texts. The research method used is qualitative analysis with semanalytical reading and intertextuality, which includes analyzing the origin of the text and the meaning of the text of the poem Shuʽarā' al-Arḍ al-Muḥtallah in relation to literary texts the poem ʽAn al-Syiʽr by Mahmoud Darwish, as well as non-literary texts or historical texts about the Naksah tragedy. The results show that the poem “Shuʽarā' al-Arḍ al-Muḥtallah” is textually and meaningfully derived from Mahmoud Darwish's poetry which has similarities in four parts: the nature of poetry, elegy in poetry, proleptic view, and the Palestinian tragedy. However, Nizār Qabbānī has articulated a new style in each plot of his poem. The existence of novelty in Nizār Qabbānī's Syuʽarā' al-Arḍ al-Muḥtallah poem is an important value for the process of this research, novelty here is not only in the area of poetic text alone, but also novelty in Nizār Qabbānī's attitude in forming a new image as a poet; namely a political and resistance poet. The poem Shuʽarā' al-Arḍ al-Muḥtallah became Nizār Qabbānī's first step in making his debut as a Palestinian Resistance poet even though Nizār Qabbānī is not a Palestinian poet.

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