BENTUK MAHAR PERKAWINAN TAHUN 2019-2023 (ANALISIS HABIITUS DAN SOSIO KULTURAL TERHADAP PANDANGAN PENGHULU DI KUA KAPANEWON SEWON DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA)

Faza Almujtaba, NIM.: 22103050073 (2026) BENTUK MAHAR PERKAWINAN TAHUN 2019-2023 (ANALISIS HABIITUS DAN SOSIO KULTURAL TERHADAP PANDANGAN PENGHULU DI KUA KAPANEWON SEWON DAERAH ISTIMEWA YOGYAKARTA). Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Marriage dowry (mahar) is one of the essential elements in Islamic marriage that does not only function as a legal obligation, but also carries symbolic, spiritual, and social dimensions reflecting the cultural values of local communities. In the context of Indonesian society with its rich cultural diversity, the form of dowry is dynamic and continuously adapts to the socio-economic changes occurring around it. The Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) of Kapanewon Sewon, Bantul Regency, Special Region of Yogyakarta serves as a representative research locus because it stands at the intersection between strong Javanese traditional values and the dynamics of modern urban life, particularly within the period of 2019 to 2023 which encompasses the time before, during, and after the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic that massively reconstructed the social order of society including in the form of marriage and dowry giving. This research is a field research of descriptive-analytical nature using a socio-legal approach to integrate the study of written law with empirical facts in the field. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with two marriage registrars (penghulu) of KUA Kapanewon Sewon as key informants, as well as documentary study of marriage certificates from the 2019-2023 period covering more than three thousand marriage records. Secondary data were obtained from academic literature, legislation, and the Compilation of Islamic Law (KHI). Data analysis was conducted qualitatively and descriptively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, using Pierre Bourdieu's habitus theory and socio-cultural theory as the main analytical frameworks. The results of this research indicate that the form of dowry at KUA Kapanewon Sewon underwent significant shifts across three phases. The first phase in 2019- 2020 was still dominated by dowry based on symbolic-religious values, where a prayer set (seperangkat alat salat) remained the primary choice with a percentage of 35.83% in 2019 and 46.38% in 2020. The second phase in 2021 became a turning point marked by a dramatic surge in the combined dowry category reaching 28.0%, triggered by the entry of wedding organizers and the strong influence of social media as new value mediation agents. The third phase in 2022-2023 marked the most striking paradigmatic shift where gold dominated dowry choices in 2023 at 39.6%, displacing the prayer set which dropped drastically to 25.2%, proving that the value orientation of dowry had moved from a spiritual dimension toward an economic dimension and household financial benefit. This research also found that marriage registrars played a role not merely as passive law enforcers, but as active socio-cultural agents who mediate the tension between traditional values and the demands of modernity through social ijtihad grounded simultaneously in philosophical-spiritual, social, and economic benefit rationalities.

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