IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP TRANSPARANSI DAN PERLINDUNGAN HAK KHIYAR ‘AIB DALAM SISTEM DROPSHIPPING PADA PLATFORM SHOPEE DAN TIKTOK SHOP

Salma Naqiyya Fairuz Firaasya, NIM.: 24203011003 (2026) IMPLEMENTASI PRINSIP TRANSPARANSI DAN PERLINDUNGAN HAK KHIYAR ‘AIB DALAM SISTEM DROPSHIPPING PADA PLATFORM SHOPEE DAN TIKTOK SHOP. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The growth of e-commerce has given rise to the dropshipping business model, in which dropshippers act as intermediaries between suppliers and consumers without physical control over the goods. This situation raises a concerns: unverified product information potentially constitutes garar, while consumers' right to khiyār 'aib is difficult to fulfill due to procedural obstacles. This study aims to analyze transparency practices and khiyār 'aib implementation within the dropshipping system on the Shopee and Tiktok Shop platforms through the perspective of John Rawls' theory of justice and Imam Al-Syaṭibī's maqāṣid syariah. This study employs a descriptive-analytical, normative empirical approach using qualitative methods. Primary data were collected through semi-structured interviews with three dropshippers and five consumers who had experienced transaction losses. Secondary data was sourced from the literature on fiqh mu'āmalah, theories of justice, maqāṣid syariah, and regulations governing electronic transactions. The research results reveal three main findings. First, product transparency is lacking because descriptions are simply copied from suppliers without verification. Khiyār 'aib is hindered by the unboxing requirement which lacks a formal regulatory basis for transfer methods, as well as the dropshipper’s unresponsiveness and the opaque chain of accountability for consumers. Second, Rawls' perspective this system is deemed unfair as it violates the difference principle since consumers as the most vulnerable party bear the greatest risks without equivalent protection. Al-Syaṭibī's maqāṣid perspective indicates that this system is valid at the ḥājiyyah level, but undermines four dimensions of darūriyyah: hifz al-dīn (potential for garar fahisy), hifz al-māl (material loss without compensation and geographical discrimination in return shopping costs), hifz al-nafs (non independent safety verification), and hifz al-'aql (misleading promotional content). Third, consumers serve as evidence of systemic structural vulnerabilities within the dropshipping system. This study recommends regulations for unboxing, strengthening platform liability for dropshippers, and equal consumer rights protection across of Indonesia.

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