KRISIS SPIRITUAL DAN PEMULIHAN RELASI DENGAN TUHAN: STUDI KOMPARATIF PEMIKIRAN KIERKEGAARD DAN AL-GHAZALI

Adriansyah, NIM.: 22105010075 (2026) KRISIS SPIRITUAL DAN PEMULIHAN RELASI DENGAN TUHAN: STUDI KOMPARATIF PEMIKIRAN KIERKEGAARD DAN AL-GHAZALI. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study examines the concept of human spiritual crisis in the perspective of Søren Kierkegaard and the concept of spiritual recovery in the thought of Imām al-Ghazālī, with the aim of analyzing how each thinker responds to the existential problem of human beings and the relevance of both in the context of contemporary spiritual crisis. This discussion departs from the phenomenon of a crisis of meaning that is not merely psychological in nature, but also touches upon the spiritual dimension of human existence. In Kierkegaard's thought, spiritual crisis is understood as an existential condition arising from the failure of human beings to build an authentic relation with God, as elaborated in The Sickness Unto Death through the concepts of despair, sin, and the three stages of existence: the aesthetic, ethical, and religious. Meanwhile, al-Ghazālī in Iḥyā' 'Ulūm al-Dīn does not address despair directly, but rather through the concepts of raja', khauf, and tawakkal as inner conditions that shape and restore the human relation with God. This research is a library research with a philosophical approach and comparative analysis. Data were obtained from the primary works of Kierkegaard and al-Ghazālī, supported by relevant secondary literature. The analysis was conducted by examining the concept of spiritual crisis in Kierkegaard's thought and the concept of spiritual recovery in al-Ghazālī's thought, then comparing the two to identify points of convergence and divergence. The findings show that both thinkers regard human beings as spiritual creatures whose existence is rooted in a relation with God, and view the human crisis as fundamentally a spiritual crisis. Both also emphasize the restoration of the relation with God as the primary solution, albeit through different approaches Kierkegaard through existential faith, and al-Ghazālī through the gradual spiritual cultivation of raja', khauf, and tawakkal.

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