DEKONSTRUKSI ANALISIS DAMPAK PEMFATWAAN MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA DI BIDANG POLITIK DAN KETATANEGARAAN ERA REFORMASI

Nabil Nizam, NIM.: 23203011125 (2026) DEKONSTRUKSI ANALISIS DAMPAK PEMFATWAAN MAJELIS ULAMA INDONESIA DI BIDANG POLITIK DAN KETATANEGARAAN ERA REFORMASI. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The fatwas of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), as products of Islamic law, play a significant role in the Indonesian national legal system, especially given the country's Muslim-majority population. However, MUI fatwas in the political and state administration sectors during the reform era have shown disharmony with existing legal regulations. The fundamental difference lies in the underlying considerations; legal regulations are based on academic drafts with juridical, sociological, and philosophical impact analyses, while MUI fatwas are formulated based on comprehensive studies of fuqaha̅ ’ and scholars without a standardized format. This disharmony is evident in fatwas related to gender reassignment and the use of voting rights in general elections, which often overlook the state's obligation to protect citizens' rights. This research employs a deconstruction approach to the impact analysis design of MUI fatwas, utilizing the theoretical frameworks of Taqni̅n al-Aḥka̅ m Ibn al-Muqaffa’, Critical Legal Studies, and Regulatory Impact Analysis. The research type is normative legal research with a descriptive-analytical nature. The approaches used include statutory, conceptual, and case approaches. Data sources comprise primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials, collected through document studies and analyzed descriptively-qualitatively. The research findings indicate that the ratio legis of MUI fatwas in politics and state administration from 1998-2024, viewed through the lens of Taqni̅n al- Aḥka̅ m Ibn al-Muqaffa’, reveals diverse patterns of emergence and objectives, yet often lacks comprehensive integration with the national legal system. The mechanism of fatwa formation, analyzed using Regulatory Impact Analysis and Critical Legal Studies, highlights the need for reformulation to achieve harmony. Therefore, a reformulation of the impact analysis design for MUI fatwas is proposed, involving the revitalization of the Ma’a̅ la̅ t al-Af ’a̅ l framework and the modernization of its convergence with Regulatory Impact Analysis, alongside the practical reformulation of comprehensive MUI fatwa studies.

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