PEMIKIRAN QIYAS ABU HAYYAN AL-NAHWI DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM USUL AL-NAHW: STUDI KITAB "MANHAJ AL-SALIK FI AL-KALAM ALA ALFIYYAH IBN MALIK"

Lukman Nulhakim, NIM.: 23201011019 (2025) PEMIKIRAN QIYAS ABU HAYYAN AL-NAHWI DAN IMPLIKASINYA DALAM USUL AL-NAHW: STUDI KITAB "MANHAJ AL-SALIK FI AL-KALAM ALA ALFIYYAH IBN MALIK". Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The problem of the concept of qiyas (analogy) in the science of nahw is not only a historical debate between two extreme poles - those who accept and reject qiyas absolutely - but also experienced complex methodological developments throughout the history of Arabic grammar, especially when influenced by the philosophy of logic and socio-cultural changes in Muslims. In this context, the figure of Abu Hayyan al-Nahwi occupies a unique and interesting position, because he appears as a synthetic figure who does not take sides to the extreme but remains critical and selective of the use of qiyas in the preparation of nahw rules. Abu Hayyan's uniqueness is thought to be strongly influenced by his religious ideological background which changed throughout his life, from the Zahiri school in Andalusia which rejected qiyas, to the Shafi'i school in Egypt which accepted it. This epistemological attitude is reflected explicitly in his important work *Manhaj al-Salik fi al-Kalam 'ala Alfiyyah Ibn Malik*, which is not only a sharh to Ibn Malik's work, but also a representation of criticism and the establishment of a more moderate and directed principle of qiyas in nahw science. This research examines how the concept of qiyas in nahw according to Abu Hayyan al-Nahwi, by tracing how the correlation between the construction of thought with his religious ideological background, and what is its relevance to the development of nahw learning. The analysis was conducted textually on the main work *Manhaj al-Salik fi al-Kalam 'ala Alfiyyah Ibn Malik* and through a historical-critical approach to Abu Hayyan's intellectual context. The results showed that Abu Hayyan built a paradigm of qiyas based on the principle of sama' as the main linguistic authority, and rejected the use of loose analogies or metaphorical 'illah-based. Qiyas in his view is *muqayyad*. That is, justified analogies are limited, selective and based on sahih linguistic evidence. His epistemological stance represents a synthesis between rationality and textuality, reflecting the legacy of Basriyyah, Shafi'iyyah and Zahiriyyah tendencies within certain limits. In the contemporary context, his thought makes an important contribution to usul al-nahw, particularly by paving the way for the issue of modern tajdid al-nahw, which seeks to reform the science of grammar by emphasizing methodological flexibility without losing traditional legitimacy.

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