KONSEP WAKTU PERSPEKTIF AL KINDI

Muhammad Krishna Haunan Afafi, NIM.: 20105010025 (2026) KONSEP WAKTU PERSPEKTIF AL KINDI. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study examines Al-Kindi's concept of time and explores its relevance to modern cosmological discourse. A structural resemblance between Al-Kindi's ninth-century argument for the finitude of time and findings in contemporary physical cosmology, such as the Penrose-Hawking singularity theorems, the Borde-Guth-Vilenkin theorem, the Hartle-Hawking no-boundary model, and emergent time in relational quantum gravity, motivates this research. The study traces the historical development of the concept of time, examines Al-Kindi's view of time, and analyzes its relevance to present-day problems concerning time. The researcher adopts a qualitative, philosophical, library-based approach, applies descriptive, interpretive, and historical-continuity methods, and draws on Al-Kindi's al-Falsafah al-Ula as the primary source. The findings show that Al-Kindi treats time not as a self-standing entity but as a magnitude (magnitudo) accompanying the body (jism) and motion of the universe; because the body is actually finite, time too must be actually finite, a conclusion he supports through a firm rejection of actual infinity via a logical-mathematical reductio ad absurdum. The study also finds that Al-Kindi's concept bears a partial, thematic relevance to four central problems in modern cosmology, namely the beginning of time, the relation between time and matter, the ontological status of time, and temporal infinity, though this relevance is neither substantively nor methodologically equivalent, since Al-Kindi follows an a priori-rational path while modern cosmology relies on an a posteriori-empirical one. The study concludes that modern cosmological discourse, despite its mathematical framework, still cannot free itself entirely from the metaphysical questions that classical Islamic philosophy formulated earlier.

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