KEKUASAAN YANG SAH DAN PEMBERONTAKAN (BUGHAT): KAJIAN HERMENEUTIKA TAFSIR FI ZILAL AL-QURAN KARYA SAYYID QUT

Imron Rosidi, NIM.: 23200011065 (2026) KEKUASAAN YANG SAH DAN PEMBERONTAKAN (BUGHAT): KAJIAN HERMENEUTIKA TAFSIR FI ZILAL AL-QURAN KARYA SAYYID QUT. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This research is motivated by the importance of understanding the concept of legitimate authority and the limits of obedience to leaders within the context of national and state life. This study aims to examine and analyze Sayyid Quṭb’s interpretation of Qur’anic verses concerning legitimate authority and rebellion (bughāt) in his Fī Ẓilāl al-Qur’an from the perspective of Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutics. The study focuses on the interpretation of Q.S. al-Nisā’ [4]: 59 and Q.S. al-Ḥujurāt [49]: 9. This research employs a library research method with a qualitative approach. The primary sources are Sayyid Quṭb’s Fī Ẓilāl al-Qur’an and Hans-Georg Gadamer’s Truth and Method, while secondary data are obtained from relevant literature, academic journals, and other scholarly references. The data are analyzed using a descriptive-analytical method based on Gadamer’s concept of Fusion of Horizons. The findings indicate that Sayyid Quṭb’s interpretation of Q.S. al-Nisā’ [4]: 59 positions legitimate authority as a form of leadership exercised by believers, governed according to the principles of Islamic law (Sharīʿah), and deserving of obedience insofar as it does not command acts of disobedience to God. This position is further reinforced in Quṭb’s interpretation of Q.S. al-Mā’idah [5]: 51, Q.S. Āli ʿImrān [3]: 28, and Q.S. al-Nisā’ [4]: 144, in which Islam is understood as prohibiting Muslims from taking non-Muslims as awliyā’ (political authorities or leaders). Regarding Q.S. al- Ḥujurāt [49]: 9, Quṭb views rebellion (bughāt) as an act of opposition against legitimate authority that threatens the unity of the Muslim community and must therefore be addressed in accordance with the principles of Islamic law. Gadamer’s hermeneutical analysis demonstrates that Sayyid Quṭb’s interpretation cannot be separated from his historical horizon, life experiences, and the political conditions of Egypt. Through the process of Fusion of Horizons, the meaning of the verses can be expanded and contextualized without altering their essential substance and fundamental message. Thus, the values contained in these verses remain relevant as a foundation for understanding and addressing political conflicts in contemporary society.

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