DARI LADANG TEMBAKAU KE TANAH SUCI: TRANSFORMASI RELIGIUS DAN PERGESERAN STATUS SOSIAL PETANI DI LOMBOK TENGAH

Azmi Maulana Fahmi, NIM.: 24205021006 (2026) DARI LADANG TEMBAKAU KE TANAH SUCI: TRANSFORMASI RELIGIUS DAN PERGESERAN STATUS SOSIAL PETANI DI LOMBOK TENGAH. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study examines the religious transformation and shifts in the social status of tobacco farmers after performing the Hajj among the Sasak community in Janapria Subdistrict, Central Lombok Regency. The study stems from the observation that the economic success of tobacco farmers not only leads to improved material well-being but also opens access to religious practices that hold social and symbolic value, one of which is the Hajj. In the context of Sasak society, which is characterized by strong religious traditions and supported by the authority of religious leaders and local Islamic traditions, the status of a Hajj pilgrim is not merely understood as an individual spiritual achievement but also confers social recognition. This study aims to analyze how the experience of performing the Hajj shapes religious transformation and how the status of a Hajj pilgrim contributes to changes in the farmers’ social standing, respect, and social relationships within the community. This study employs a qualitative method using a sociology of religion approach and field research. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of tobacco farmers who have performed the Hajj, as well as a number of parties involved in the social and religious life of the community. The data were analyzed interactively through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, applying triangulation to strengthen the validity of the findings. The research analysis utilized Nancy Ammerman’s “lived religion” perspective and Robert Putnam’s concept of social capital to examine the relationship between religious experiences, daily practices, and changes in social relations. The research findings indicate that post-Hajj religious transformation is not primarily characterized by drastic changes in daily worship practices, as most informants already had established religious habits before performing the Hajj. The transformation is more evident in how religiosity is interpreted, practiced, and represented in social spaces. The title of “Hajj” serves as a form of symbolic capital that enhances the holder’s respect, legitimacy, and social prestige, and influences patterns of interaction and social position within the community. At the same time, economic success from tobacco farming serves as one of the material foundations enabling the accumulation of economic capital to be converted into religious and symbolic capital through the Hajj pilgrimage. Thus, the Hajj in the context of the Sasak community in Janapria is not merely a spiritual journey but also a social process that brings together economic, religious, identity, and social status dimensions. This study demonstrates that religious transformation is gradual and contextual, while changes in social status are more strongly evident through increased recognition, honor, and social legitimacy within community life.

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