TYPES AND MEANING OF METAPHORS IN THE STORY OF LAYLA AND MAJNUN

Annisa Hafifah, NIM.: 18101050061 (2025) TYPES AND MEANING OF METAPHORS IN THE STORY OF LAYLA AND MAJNUN. Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study aims to analyze the types and meanings of metaphors found in the novel The Story of Layla and Majnun by Nizami Ganjavi, using Ullman's theory of metaphor. Ullman categorizes metaphors into four types: anthropomorphic, animal, concrete to abstract, and synesthetic. The study uses a descriptive qualitative method to examine 31 metaphorical expressions in the novel, which include 3 anthropomorphic metaphors, 8 animal metaphors, 18 concrete to abstract metaphors, and 2 synesthetic metaphors. The findings reveal that metaphors serve as a creative tool for expressing deep emotions, cultural values, and philosophical ideas. Concrete to abstract metaphors is the most dominant, reflecting the novel’s tendency to transform tangible imagery into symbolic meanings. This study contributes to the field of semantics by offering insights into the role of metaphor in literary texts and the connection between language and cultural representation.

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