SINTAKSIS BAHASA ARAB PERSPEKTIF LINGUISTIK MODERN

Fitriani, NIM.: 19201012020 (2021) SINTAKSIS BAHASA ARAB PERSPEKTIF LINGUISTIK MODERN. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

Arabic is one of the international languages that has been used at the level of official communication to the global scope, so it is increasingly important to understand, especially its syntax. The more widespread the use of Arabic, the more diverse the backgrounds of its users. This is an important point in increasing the better understanding of syntax, because many learners are not native Arabic speakers. Therefore, the concept of a universal rule is needed. The concept can be found in the perspective of modern linguistics. Although an Arabic syntactic perspective that can apply to many people is needed, the reality shows that the theory that is still widely used is classical theory, so it still requires a scientific study process so that it can be translated and harmonized with general perspectives, such as the universal grammar principles of Chomsky. Therefore, the researcher formulates a study that tries to open the syntactic paradigm of Arabic according to a modern linguistic perspective, namely in a study entitled Arabic Syntax with Modern Linguistic Perspective. The purpose of this research is to analyze the concept of Arabic syntactic units, the concepts of functions, categories, and roles of Arabic syntax based on a modern linguistic perspective, and to apply the method of buttom-up procedure to analyze sentences in Arabic. The research method used is a descriptive method based on its type as a qualitative research. The data and data sources used are books that provide Arabic syntactic units, one of books used is al-Arabiyya baina Yadaik and also syntactic books that use a modern linguistic perspective. The data obtained were analyzed by the method of listening to the analysis technique which consists of three stages, namely the provision of data, data analysis, and presentation of the results. The results of this study indicate three main points. First, the syntactic unit of Arabic consists of words (word classes), phrases, clauses, and sentences. Second, the concept of Arabic syntax according to modern linguistics consists of 1) the functions of the subject, predicate, object/complement, and adverb, 2) categories of verbs, nouns, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, pronouns, numerals, and conjunctions, and 3) the role of actors, actions, targets, and complements. Third, the concept of the bottom-up procedure can be applied to Arabic through the basic formula K → FN FV, because the syntactic categories analyzed in this study are relevant to the sentence-forming elements in the tree diagram.

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