Tafsir Lembaga-Lembaga Fatwa Asia Tenggara terhadap Pandemi: Kajian Berdasarkan Perspektif Hermeneutika Resepsi

Kholis, NIM.: 18200010123 (2022) Tafsir Lembaga-Lembaga Fatwa Asia Tenggara terhadap Pandemi: Kajian Berdasarkan Perspektif Hermeneutika Resepsi. Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The COVID-19 pandemic has triggered various social problems that require responses from many different institutions to support each other by good handling. Religious institutions are no exception, such as fatwadi institutions in Indonesia, Singapore and Malaysia, where these institutions have the power to persuade the society to follow government regulations and health protocols. The three-state institution issued a fatwa on COVID-19 with substantial core message accordance the policy of the ministry of health in tackling COVID-19, but the verses used are different each other. Using the perspective of reception hermeneutics, this study examines how fatwa institutions in Southeast Asia are related about the pandemic and why the verses that used by these da'wah institutions are different each other. In addition, this study examines how the method of fatwa institutions interprets Al-Qur’an in the context of fatwa arguments, and how their interpretation is viewed from the perspective of reception hermeneutics. The result of this research show that the three-state institution are give priority to dispensation (rukhsah) to justify guidance on worship during the pandemic. Differences of verses for the fatwa argument are caused by differences in the social context in each country. It is also triggered by the relationship between fatwa institutions and the state, and the relation between sharia law and positive law. In formulating these fatwas, the three fatwa institutions used classical methods based on fiqhiah rules while basing their core messages on policies for handling COVID-19. At first glance, the fatwas of these three institutions appear normative. However, in terms of reception hermeneutics, the fatwas of these three institutions have a moral-social function to encourage patience and a scientific attitude to deal with the epidemic. The function of moral-sosial is anti thesis on the dominant narrative at Muslim group who handled the pandemic by conspiracy and unscientific.

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