RELASI LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PERKAWINAN (STUDI RELEVANSI PEMIKIRAN FATIMA MERNISSI TERHADAP KESETARAAN SUAMI ISTRI)

Moh. Rosil Fathony, S.H., NIM.: 21203012014 (2023) RELASI LAKI-LAKI DAN PEREMPUAN DALAM PERKAWINAN (STUDI RELEVANSI PEMIKIRAN FATIMA MERNISSI TERHADAP KESETARAAN SUAMI ISTRI). Masters thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

The dynamics of the relationship between men and women in marriage continues to be debated, especially among ulama' and mufassir. Negative views about women have always been a justification for the structure of male dominance in marriage. As a result, women become victims of gender bias. In marriage, women often continue to experience similar conditions, such as discrimination, subordination, and marginalization in public and domestic spaces. From these conditions, Fatima Mernissi, who is known as a gender fighter and Moroccan Muslim thinker, is here to remove the societal stigma that places women under the power of men by offering a middle way, namely returning to the teachings of Islam. This study attempts to answer three main problems, namely: First, why does Fatima Mernissi self-criticize gender biased interpretations? Second, what is the substance of Fatima Mernissi's thoughts regarding the relationship between men and women in marriage? Third, what is the relevance of Fatima Mernissi's thoughts in creating equality for men and women in marriage? This research uses a descriptive-analytic literature review. Here, the author dissects the problem using a social history approach using gender theory, intellectual history, social history, and supporting theories, namely, mubjadi from Faqihuddin Abdul Kodir. This paradigm is used as a step to restore the identity of equal partners between men and women in marriage. The results of this research can be concluded, First, it shows the reasons why Fatimah Mernissi self-criticizes gender bias interpretations, including Criticism of traditional interpretations, emphasis on diverse understandings, the role of women in Islamic history, re-understanding of the concept of marriage, and the importance of contextual understanding. Second, the substance of Fatima Mernissi's thoughts regarding women's rights and obligations in marriage; the importance of knowledge, work, and deliberation bil ma'ruf. Third, Fatima Mernissi's thoughts have relevance in creating equality for men and women in marriage. This was proven when Fatima Mernissi tried to interpret verses that supported human equality, while other verses that did not support this idea were interpreted in depth by tracing the asbabun nuzul to counter misogynist verses or hadiths. On the other hand, Fatima Mernissi explained that Islamic teachings in marriage demand equal rights and obligations between men and women. This view applies in the household, socially, economically, and politically.

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