REFORMISTS’ THOUGHT ON THE SUNNA (A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MOENAWWAR CHALIL’S AND FAZLUR RAHMAN’S PRINCIPLES OF THE SUNNA)

Muhammad Julkarnain, NIM.: 07530068 (2011) REFORMISTS’ THOUGHT ON THE SUNNA (A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON MOENAWWAR CHALIL’S AND FAZLUR RAHMAN’S PRINCIPLES OF THE SUNNA). Skripsi thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

It is interesting to discuss about reformist as an advocate of reform and reinterpreting religious norms and sources, including the Sunna. The reformists’ ideology had been inviting internal conflicts in Indonesian Muslim context bacause of the resistance from traditionalists. The significance of this research is to analyze the reformists’s thoughts to find the best method on understanding the Sunna. Researcher investigates three research questions including the main thoughts of Moenawwar Chalil’s and Fazlur Rahman’s on Sunna principles, the similiarities and differences, and the strengths and weaknesses of their thoughts. From this research question, the reformist’s thought on Sunna principles will be found. This is library research which will explain about reformists’ thoughts on Sunna. The primary sources for this reasearch are Kembali Kepada Al-Qur’an dan As-Sunnah (Back to the Qur’an and Sunna), and Islamic Methodology in History. The secondary sources include Modern reformist Thought In The Muslim World, Paham Keagamaan Kaum Reformis: Studi Kasus Pemikiran Moenawar Chalil (Religious Understanding of Reformists: Study of Moenawwar Chalil’s Thought). The Method of collecting of data is documentation , while the technique of data analyses are historical continuity, taxonomic analyses, interpretation and comparation.This research uses hermeneutical approach. This hermeneutical approach is inspired by Hasan Hanafi which focus on three steps: historical consciousnesss (al-Shu’u>r al-Ta>rikhi>) that determines the originality the text and certainty, eidetic consciousness (al-Shu’u>r al-Naz{ari>) which will show the meaning of the texts, and practical consciousness (al-Shu’u>r al-‘Amali>) as a basic theory for practical applications. Hassan Hanafi’s theory is used to classify reformists’ thought. Research shows that Chalil’s historical criticism is dominated by Islamic jurisprudence perspectives. His reform ideas are addressed to redesign the legal characters based on Sunna. Chalil believes that Sunna and its mission to advance Islam can be achieved by conserving the essences of Sunna. In the other hand, Fazlur Rahman believes that the prophetic Sunna must be interpreted in line with modernity without neglecting the historical factors. Chalil and Rahman do not focus on sanad criticism. They try to put Sunna in the highest position and applicable in the Muslim societies. Chalil and Rahman are different on their method to understand the Sunna. Practically, Chalil is successful in producing fiqh al-Nabawi> althought without integrating modern sciences. He understands Sunna based on textual approach method by letting texts explains each other. This is Chalil’s weakness when compared to Rahman who contextualizes the Sunna rationally using interdisciplinary approaches. With this method Rahman tries to find the ideal-moral of Sunna.

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