REVITALISASI MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI DISTRIBUSI ZAKAT PRODUKTIF: STUDI PADA MUSTAHIK BAZNAS PROVINSI MALUKU

Aisa Manilet, NIM.: 18300016015 (2025) REVITALISASI MODEL PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT MELALUI DISTRIBUSI ZAKAT PRODUKTIF: STUDI PADA MUSTAHIK BAZNAS PROVINSI MALUKU. Doctoral thesis, UIN SUNAN KALIJAGA YOGYAKARTA.

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Abstract

This study examines the dynamics of a society empowerment through a productive distribution of zakat – a compulsory charity in Islam teaching – by BAZNAS of Maluku Province, focusing on the variation being practiced by various level of institutions and on the challenges of sustainable institutionalization of ecosystem empowerment. Applying a qualitative-descriptive approach, data were collected through observation, in-depth interview, and document review in five main regions. The research analysis integrates three theoretical frameworks: the transformative process of the society empowerment by Wrihatnolo and Dwidjowijoto, the adaptation of networked institution with hybrid management by Minako Sakai, and the orientation of Islamic moral values when building public legitimation by Amelia Fauzia. The results show that in the levels of province and city, the productive zakat program is distributed in the form of capital and asset with no systematic assistance so that the awareness of the mustahik upon their economic potency tends to be pragmatic and absent an economically self-supporting subjects. In district level like Central Maluku and Eastern Seram, on the other hand, a model combining training, community forum, rollover funds, and market access has strengthened its economic capacity, group solidarity, and economic mobility openings. Yet, the transformative achievements in aggregate is still narrow, unable to push structural changes significantly nor to uplift mustahik out of the systematic economy fragility. The study also discovers that the fundamental challenge of people empowerment in Maluku comprises limited resources, weak institution capacity, insufficient multi-party collaboration network, and minimum outcome-based monitoring system. Revitalization of empowerment model which integrates participative empowerment, adapting responsive institution, and Islamic-moral-value orientation is suggested to be the new framework which is adaptive, inclusive, and resilient. The model places society an active subject, makes institution strategic a catalyst between religious values and modern economy mechanism, and takes moral values a transformation guidance to the goals. Thus, the research contribute towards the development of the paradigm of productive zakat empowerment which is contextual, effective, and has transformation power, which can be adapted by other regions with similar characters.

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